我試圖讓我的 Unity 游戲代碼盡可能健壯，理想情況下我希望能夠在游戲啟動之前拋出異常，例如在編譯時，如果 Unity Inspector 參數丟失或不正確（例如 null或超出范圍）。Attributes目前我正在使用和UnityEngine.Assertionson的組合Awake()來檢查空引用或不正確的值；在游戲啟動時拋出異常（而不是在執行過程中的意外點），例如：public class PlayerMovement : MonoBehaviour{ [SerializeField] [Tooltip("Rigidbody of the Player.")] private Rigidbody playerRigidBody; [SerializeField] [Tooltip("Forward force of the Player.")] [Range(100f, 50000f)] private float forwardForce = 6000f; [SerializeField] [Tooltip("Sideways force of the Player.")] [Range(10f, 1000f)] private float sidewaysForce = 120f; private GameManager gameManager; void Awake() { // Cache essential references gameManager = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("GameManager").GetComponent<GameManager>(); // Assert that all required references are present and correct UnityEngine.Assertions.Assert.IsNotNull(gameManager, "Member \"gameManager\" is required."); UnityEngine.Assertions.Assert.IsNotNull(playerRigidBody, "Member \"Rigidbody\" is required."); //UnityEngine.Assertions.Assert.IsTrue(ForwardForce > 100, "\"ForwardForce\" must be greater than 100"); //UnityEngine.Assertions.Assert.IsTrue(SidewaysForce > 10, "\"SidewaysForce\" must be greater than 10"); } ...}這是最佳實踐，還是有更好的方法在游戲啟動前驗證基本參數？
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皈依舞
TA貢獻1851條經驗 獲得超3個贊
不是真的在編譯時，但如果你想在每次在 Unity 中打開項目時進行檢查，重新編譯代碼或加載新場景，你可以使用[InitializeOnLoad]and?SceneManager.sceneLoaded。
首先有一個像這樣的界面
public interface INullReferenceChecker
{
? ? void CheckReferences();
}
然后在eg里面有一個全局編輯器腳本Assets/Editor/RunNullChecks.cs（重要的是那個是放在Editor后面的所以去掉）
[InitializeOnLoad]
public class RunNullChecks
{
? ? public static RunNullChecks
? ? {
? ? ? ? // first of all also add a callback so it gets re-run everytime you switch a scene
? ? ? ? // removing it first makes sure it is only added once
? ? ? ? EditorSceneManager.sceneOpened -= Run;
? ? ? ? EditorSceneManager.sceneOpened += Run;
? ? ? ? Run();
? ? }
? ? private static void Run(Scene scene, LoadSceneMode mode)
? ? {
? ? ? ? Run();
? ? }
? ? public static void Run()
? ? {
? ? ? ? // here it depends a bit on your needs
? ? ? ? // you either can check only stuff in the Scene like
? ? ? ? var nullCheckers = FindObjectsOfType<INullReferenceChecker>();
? ? ? ? // this gets only active and enabled components!
? ? ? ? // or you could include all prefabs, ScriptableObjects using
? ? ? ? //var nullCheckers = Resources.FindObjectsOfTypeAll<INullReferenceChecker>();
? ? ? ? // and then let them do whatever they implemented
? ? ? ? foreach(var tester in nullCheckers)
? ? ? ? {
? ? ? ? ? ? tester.CheckReferences();
? ? ? ? }
? ? }
}
那么你會有
public class PlayerMovement : MonoBehaviour, INullReferenceChecker
{
? ? ...
? ? public override void CheckReferences()
? ? {
? ? ? ? UnityEngine.Assertions.Assert.IsNotNull(gameManager, "Member \"gameManager\" is required.");
? ? ? ? UnityEngine.Assertions.Assert.IsNotNull(playerRigidBody, "Member \"Rigidbody\" is required.");
? ? ? ? // you could also simply go for
? ? ? ? if(!gameManager) Debug.LogErrorFormat(this, "Member \"{0}\" is required.", nameof(gameManager));
? ? ? ? if(!playerRigidBody) Debug.LogErrorFormat(this, "Member \"{0}\" is required.", nameof(playerRigidBody));
? ? }
}
另一種選擇也可能是使用[ExecuteInEditMode]屬性。
這使得
Awake每次打開項目/加載場景/向場景添加新組件時調用的方法Update每次更改場景中的內容時都會調用方法
然而，您可能會禁用某些代碼塊，例如Update檢查Application.IsPlaying和/或Application.isEditor。
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