我正在嘗試找出一種設計模式（如果存在的話）用于我將在一堆類中重新執行某些功能的情況。以下是我面臨的問題的（簡化）概述：我有一些 Java 代碼來創建、更新、刪除Student對象、Professor對象和Staff對象。每次創建、刪除或更新此類對象時，我都想提取有關受影響對象的一些信息（例如姓名、年齡、ID）并通知外部服務。所以像：class StudentDAO {   public Student createStudent(Student studentToCreate) {       jdbcTemplate.update(INSERT_SQL, .....);       //===> extract some info of the student       //let external service know a student was created....   }   public Student deleteStudent(Student studentToDelete) {       jdbcTemplate.update(DELETE_SQL, .....);       //===> extract some info of the student       //let external service know a student was deleted....   }   //same thing for update}class ProfessortDAO {   public Professor createProfessor(Professor professorToCreate) {       jdbcTemplate.update(INSERT_SQL, .....);       //===> extract some info of the professor       //let external service know a Professor was created....   }   public Student deleteProfessor(Professor professorToDelete) {       jdbcTemplate.update(DELETE_SQL, .....);       //===> extract some info of the professor       //let external service know a professor was deleted....   }   //same thing for update}//repeat for Staff該示例有點做作，但假設Student, Professor,Staff沒有共同的超類型。有沒有一種方法可以實現此功能，而無需復制和粘貼用于提取信息的邏輯并將其發送到所有 DAO 類的 CREATE、DELETE、UPDATE 方法中？