我是編程新手，尤其是 PyGame 和 OOP。我不知道如何讓按鈕在 PyGame 中執行特定命令。我嘗試為按鈕創建一個類，如果您查看此代碼，我可以執行懸停方法/功能作為示例，但是當我按下退出按鈕時，我正在努力關閉游戲。我似乎無法理解如何傳遞一個參數，使 main_menu 在執行 exit 時為假，而 main_game 在執行 play 時為真。from ColorsAndCoordinates import *pygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1000, 700))font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", 42)class Button: main_menu = True def __init__(self, color, x, y, width, height, text): self.color = color self.x = x self.y = y self.width = width self.height = height self.text = text def display(self, color): self.color = color pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)) text = font.render(self.text, True, red) screen.blit(text, (self.x, self.y)) def hover(self, color): mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if self.x + self.width > mouse[0] > self.x and self.y + self.height > mouse[1] > self.y: Button.display(self, color) def clicked(self): mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1: if self.x + self.width > mouse[0] > self.x and self.y + self.height > mouse[1] > self.y: passplay_button = Button(blue, 200, 300, 95, 46, "Play")exit_button = Button(blue, 700, 300, 95, 46, "Exit")tutorial_button = Button(blue, 410, 550, 165, 46, "Tutorial")main_menu = Truemain_game = Falsewhile main_menu: screen.fill(black) play_button.display(blue) exit_button.display(blue) tutorial_button.display(blue) play_button.hover(black) exit_button.hover(black) tutorial_button.hover(black) for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: main_menu = False exit_button.clicked() pygame.display.update()
1 回答
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TA貢獻1851條經驗 獲得超3個贊
對此有不同的解決方案，例如多態性、動作或事件。
一個明顯而簡單的解決方案是action在方法中添加一個參數clicked。參數是一個動作函數，當按鈕被點擊時被調用：
class Button:
# [...]
def clicked(self, action = None):
mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
if self.x + self.width > mouse[0] > self.x and self.y + self.height > mouse[1] > self.y:
if action:
action()
創建一個改變狀態的函數?？紤]將global語句用于全局名稱空間中的變量main_menu和main_game：
def action_exit():
global main_menu, main_game
main_menu = False
main_game = True
將動作傳遞給exit_button.clicked：
while main_menu:
# [...]
exit_button.clicked(action_exit)
再改成Button.display(self, color)方法self.display(color)中display()。
完整示例：
https://i.stack.imgur.com/zYkBf.gif
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1000, 700))
font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", 42)
red = (255, 0, 0)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
class Button:
main_menu = True
def __init__(self, color, x, y, width, height, text):
self.color = color
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.text = text
def display(self, color):
self.color = color
pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height))
text = font.render(self.text, True, red)
screen.blit(text, (self.x, self.y))
def hover(self, color):
mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if self.x + self.width > mouse[0] > self.x and self.y + self.height > mouse[1] > self.y:
self.display(color)
def clicked(self, action = None):
mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
if self.x + self.width > mouse[0] > self.x and self.y + self.height > mouse[1] > self.y:
if action:
action()
def action_exit():
global main_menu, main_game
main_menu = False
main_game = True
play_button = Button(blue, 200, 300, 95, 46, "Play")
exit_button = Button(blue, 700, 300, 95, 46, "Exit")
tutorial_button = Button(blue, 410, 550, 165, 46, "Tutorial")
main_menu = True
main_game = False
while main_menu:
screen.fill(black)
play_button.display(blue)
exit_button.display(blue)
tutorial_button.display(blue)
play_button.hover(black)
exit_button.hover(black)
tutorial_button.hover(black)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
main_menu = False
exit_button.clicked(action_exit)
pygame.display.update()
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