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Spring 中的 404 錯誤（java config / no web.xml）

Spring 中的 404 錯誤（java config / no web.xml）

紅顏莎娜 2022-07-20 20:20:52
嘗試在 Web 應用程序中提供自定義 404 錯誤頁面，據我所知，該頁面使用 Java Config（因此沒有 web.xml）。我們有以下版本的相關庫：spring ("5.1.2.RELEASE")、spring-security ("5.1.1.RELEASE")。免責聲明我在 StackOverflow 中檢查了不同的方法。請不要為 web.xml、Thymeleaf 或 Spring Boot 推薦結果。這不適用。其中; 我嘗試了以下方法：@Controller注釋（這里和這里）添加 web.xml沒有產生預期的結果（即，仍然得到默認的網絡服務器布局和錯誤）。
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德瑪西亞99

TA貢獻1770條經驗 獲得超3個贊

雖然沒有我想的那么清楚，但這是一種工作版本，至少可以為錯誤頁面提供一些自定義。這是第一種方法，但希望可以幫助其他人。


處理的異常列表并不廣泛，但主要解決 404 錯誤 ( NoHandlerFoundException) 和其他典型錯誤，例如InternalServerErrorExceptionand NullPointerException，嘗試在最后捕獲所有異常，并為所有其他是 a 的錯誤提供通用錯誤Exception)。


請注意，這不包括與例如 JSTL 模板中的錯誤語法相關的其他異常（org.apache.jasper.*; 顯然無法在此處捕獲的異常）。


這些是源庫的相關更改和添加：


CustomSimpleMappingExceptionResolver.java（提供通用異常，但記錄詳細信息）


package ...;


import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.ws.rs.InternalServerErrorException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;


public class CustomSimpleMappingExceptionResolver extends SimpleMappingExceptionResolver {


    public CustomSimpleMappingExceptionResolver() {

        // Turn logging on by default

        setWarnLogCategory(getClass().getName());

    }


    @Override

    public String buildLogMessage(Exception e, HttpServletRequest req) {

        return "MVC exception: " + e.getLocalizedMessage();

    }


    @Override

    protected ModelAndView doResolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,

                                              Object handler, Exception ex) {


        // Log exception

        ex.printStackTrace();

        String exceptionCause = ex.toString();

        String exceptionType = ex.getClass().getCanonicalName();


        // Get the ModelAndView to use

        ModelAndView mav = super.doResolveException(request, response, handler, ex);


        // Make more information available to the view - note that SimpleMappingExceptionResolver adds the exception already

        mav.addObject("url", request.getRequestURL());

        mav.addObject("timestamp", new Date());


        ArrayList<String> exceptions404 = new ArrayList<String>(

                Arrays.asList(

                        NoHandlerFoundException.class.getName()

                        )

        );

        ArrayList<String> exceptions500 = new ArrayList<String>(

                Arrays.asList(

                        InternalServerErrorException.class.getName(),

                        NullPointerException.class.getName()

                        )

        );


        String userExceptionDetail = ex.toString();

        String errorHuman = "";

        String errorTech = "";


        if (exceptions404.contains(exceptionType)) {

            errorHuman = "We cannot find the page you are looking for";

            errorTech = "Page not found";

            userExceptionDetail = String.format("The page %s cannot be found", request.getRequestURL());

            mav.setViewName("/error/404");

            mav.addObject("status", HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value());

        } else if (exceptions500.contains(exceptionType)) {

            errorHuman = "We cannot currently serve the page you request";

            errorTech = "Internal error";

            userExceptionDetail = "The current page refuses to load due to an internal error";

            mav.setViewName("/error/500");

            mav.addObject("status", HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());

        } else {

            errorHuman = "We cannot serve the current page";

            errorTech = "General error";

            userExceptionDetail = "A generic error prevents from serving the page";

            mav.setViewName("/error/generic");

            mav.addObject("status", response.getStatus());

        }


        Exception userException = new Exception(userExceptionDetail);

        mav.addObject("error_human", errorHuman);

        mav.addObject("error_tech", errorTech);

        mav.addObject("exception", userException);

        return mav;

    }

}

WebAppConfig.java（將自定義異常解析器注冊為異常處理程序）


package ...;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ScopedProxyMode;

import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;

import org.springframework.core.Ordered;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;


import java.lang.ClassNotFoundException;

import java.lang.NullPointerException;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import javax.ws.rs.InternalServerErrorException;

import java.util.Properties;


@Configuration

@ComponentScan("...")

@EnableWebMvc

@EnableTransactionManagement

@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")

public class WebAppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {


    @Resource

    private Environment env;


    // ...


    @Bean

    HandlerExceptionResolver customExceptionResolver () {

        CustomSimpleMappingExceptionResolver resolver = new CustomSimpleMappingExceptionResolver();

        Properties mappings = new Properties();

        // Mapping Spring internal error NoHandlerFoundException to a view name

        mappings.setProperty(NoHandlerFoundException.class.getName(), "/error/404");

        mappings.setProperty(InternalServerErrorException.class.getName(), "/error/500");

        mappings.setProperty(NullPointerException.class.getName(), "/error/500");

        mappings.setProperty(ClassNotFoundException.class.getName(), "/error/500");

        mappings.setProperty(Exception.class.getName(), "/error/generic");

        resolver.setExceptionMappings(mappings);

        // Set specific HTTP codes

        resolver.addStatusCode("404", HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value());

        resolver.addStatusCode("500", HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());

        resolver.setDefaultErrorView("/error/generic");

        resolver.setDefaultStatusCode(200);

        // This resolver will be processed before the default ones

        resolver.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);

        resolver.setExceptionAttribute("exception");

        return resolver;

    }


    // ...


    @Bean

    public InternalResourceViewResolver setupViewResolver() {

        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();

        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views");

        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");

        resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);

        return resolver;

    }


    @Override

    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {

        super.addViewControllers(registry);

    }

}

Initializer.java（添加dispatcherServlet.setThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound(true);；可能不需要）


package ...;


import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;

import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener;

import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;


import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration;


public class Initializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {


    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {

        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();

        ctx.register(WebAppConfig.class);

        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(ctx));

        ctx.setServletContext(servletContext);

        DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet = new DispatcherServlet(ctx);

        dispatcherServlet.setThrowExceptionIfNoHandlerFound(true);


        // Add the dispatcher servlet mapping manually and make it initialize automatically

        ServletRegistration.Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", dispatcherServlet);

        servlet.addMapping("/");

        servlet.addMapping("*.png");

        servlet.addMapping("*.jpg");

        servlet.addMapping("*.css");

        servlet.addMapping("*.js");

        servlet.addMapping("*.txt");

        servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);


        // ...


    }

}

與錯誤類相關的視圖和標簽的結構：


    src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/

    ├── tags

    │   └── error.tag

    └── views

        ├── error

        │   ├── 404.jsp

        │   ├── 500.jsp

        └────── generic.jsp

src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/tags/error.tag


<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>


<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

    <title>Error page</title>

</head>

<body>

<div class="container">

    <h3><c:out value="${error_human}" /></h3>


    <p><br/><br/></p>


    <div class="panel panel-primary">

        <div class="panel-heading">

            <c:out value="${error_tech}" />

        </div>

        <div class="panel-body">

            <p><c:out value="${exception_message}" /></p>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/error/404.jsp


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

         pageEncoding="utf-8" isErrorPage="true" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<%@ taglib tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags/" prefix="g" %>


<c:set var = "error_human" scope = "session" value = "We cannot find the page you are looking for"/>

<c:set var = "error_tech" scope = "session" value = "Page not found"/>

<c:set var = "exception_message" scope = "session" value = "The current page cannot be found"/>

<g:error />

src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/error/500.jsp


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

         pageEncoding="utf-8" isErrorPage="true" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<%@ taglib tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags/" prefix="g" %>


<c:set var = "error_human" scope = "session" value = "We cannot currently serve the page you request"/>

<c:set var = "error_tech" scope = "session" value = "Internal error"/>

<c:set var = "exception_message" scope = "session" value = "The current page refuses to load due to an internal error"/>

<g:error />

src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/error/generic.jsp


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

         pageEncoding="utf-8" isErrorPage="true" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<%@ taglib tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags/" prefix="g" %>


<c:set var = "error_human" scope = "session" value = "We cannot serve the current page"/>

<c:set var = "error_tech" scope = "session" value = "General error"/>

<c:set var = "exception_message" scope = "session" value = "A generic error prevents from serving the page"/>

<g:error />


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?
斯蒂芬大帝

TA貢獻1827條經驗 獲得超8個贊

閱讀 Spring Boot 文檔，這對我有用：


  @Bean

   public ErrorPageRegistrar errorPageRegistrar() {

     return registry -> registry.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/index.html"));  }

這相當于 web.xml。


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慕桂英546537

TA貢獻1848條經驗 獲得超10個贊

確保您可以訪問 404 頁面，然后添加這些代碼。


@ControllerAdvice

public class GlobalExceptionHandler {


    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)

    @ExceptionHandler(NoHandlerFoundException.class)

    public String handle404(Model model, HttpServletRequest req, Exception ex) {

        return "/404";

    }

}

應用程序.yaml


spring:

  mvc:

    throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound: true # if page not found, it will throw error, and then ControllerAdvice will catch the error.

PS：springBoot版本=2.4.2；爪哇=15


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