轉到這里，使用gorm或/映射到數據庫 (PSQL)。我有以下代碼：package dbstuffimport ( "errors" "github.com/google/uuid" "github.com/jinzhu/gorm" _ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/postgres")type OrderPersister struct { db *gorm.DB}func (p *OrderPersister) GetOrder(id uuid.UUID) (*Order, error) { ret := &Order{} err := p.db.Table("orders").Where("order_id = ?", id).Scan(ret).Error return ret, err}我正在嘗試為它編寫一個單元測試，如下所示：package dbstuffimport ( "testing" "errors" "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert")func TestErrInternalServerError(t *testing.T) { // given id := uuid.New() op := OrderPersister{} // when order, err := op.GetOrder(id) // then assert.NotNil(t, order) assert.NotNil(t, err)}當我運行它時，我得到無效的內存地址或 nil 指針取消引用錯誤，因為我沒有*gorm.DB在我的OrderPersister實例上實例化設置 a。有沒有一種簡單的方法來模擬/存根，以便我的測試確認我們嘗試查詢orders表并返回或/映射結果？
1 回答
慕桂英4014372
TA貢獻1871條經驗 獲得超13個贊
我將使用testify包為您的代碼編寫單元測試。而不是使用具體類型，而是為struct*gorm.DB聲明 DB 接口。OrderPersister由于我們不能在 Go 中模擬具體類型及其方法。我們需要創建一個抽象層—— interface.
63622995/db/db.go:
package db
type OrmDBWithError struct {
OrmDB
Error error
}
type OrmDB interface {
Table(name string) OrmDB
Where(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) OrmDB
Scan(dest interface{}) *OrmDBWithError
}
63622995/main.go:
package main
import (
"github.com/google/uuid"
_ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/postgres"
"github.com/mrdulin/golang/src/stackoverflow/63622995/db"
)
type Order struct {
order_id string
}
type OrderPersister struct {
DB db.OrmDB
//DB *gorm.DB
}
func (p *OrderPersister) GetOrder(id uuid.UUID) (*Order, error) {
ret := &Order{}
err := p.DB.Table("orders").Where("order_id = ?", id).Scan(ret).Error
return ret, err
}
OrmDB為實現接口的 db 創建了模擬對象。然后，您可以創建此模擬 DB 對象并將其傳遞給OrderPersisterstruct。
63622995/mocks/db.go:
package mocks
import (
"github.com/mrdulin/golang/src/stackoverflow/63622995/db"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
)
type MockedOrmDB struct {
mock.Mock
}
func (s *MockedOrmDB) Table(name string) db.OrmDB {
args := s.Called(name)
return args.Get(0).(db.OrmDB)
}
func (s *MockedOrmDB) Where(query interface{}, args ...interface{}) db.OrmDB {
arguments := s.Called(query, args)
return arguments.Get(0).(db.OrmDB)
}
func (s *MockedOrmDB) Scan(dest interface{}) *db.OrmDBWithError {
args := s.Called(dest)
return args.Get(0).(*db.OrmDBWithError)
}
63622995/main_test.go:
package main
import (
"testing"
"github.com/google/uuid"
"github.com/mrdulin/golang/src/stackoverflow/63622995/db"
"github.com/mrdulin/golang/src/stackoverflow/63622995/mocks"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
)
func TestOrderPersister_GetOrder(t *testing.T) {
assert := assert.New(t)
t.Run("should get order", func(t *testing.T) {
testDb := new(mocks.MockedOrmDB)
id := uuid.New()
testDb.
On("Table", "orders").
Return(testDb).
On("Where", "order_id = ?", mock.Anything).
Return(testDb).
On("Scan", mock.Anything).Run(func(args mock.Arguments) {
ret := args.Get(0).(*Order)
ret.order_id = "123"
}).
Return(&db.OrmDBWithError{Error: nil})
op := OrderPersister{DB: testDb}
got, err := op.GetOrder(id)
testDb.AssertExpectations(t)
assert.Nil(err)
assert.Equal(Order{order_id: "123"}, *got)
})
t.Run("should return error", func(t *testing.T) {
testDb := new(mocks.MockedOrmDB)
id := uuid.New()
testDb.
On("Table", "orders").
Return(testDb).
On("Where", "order_id = ?", mock.Anything).
Return(testDb).
On("Scan", mock.Anything).
Return(&db.OrmDBWithError{Error: errors.New("network")})
op := OrderPersister{DB: testDb}
got, err := op.GetOrder(id)
testDb.AssertExpectations(t)
assert.Equal(Order{}, *got)
assert.Equal(err.Error(), "network")
})
}
單元測試結果：
=== RUN TestOrderPersister_GetOrder
=== RUN TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_get_order
TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_get_order: main_test.go:32: PASS: Table(string)
TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_get_order: main_test.go:32: PASS: Where(string,string)
TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_get_order: main_test.go:32: PASS: Scan(string)
=== RUN TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_return_error
TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_return_error: main_test.go:49: PASS: Table(string)
TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_return_error: main_test.go:49: PASS: Where(string,string)
TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_return_error: main_test.go:49: PASS: Scan(string)
--- PASS: TestOrderPersister_GetOrder (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_get_order (0.00s)
--- PASS: TestOrderPersister_GetOrder/should_return_error (0.00s)
PASS
Process finished with exit code 0
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