內部cmd.exe命令設置的ERRORLEVEL值是什么？ERRORLEVEL是大多數cmd.exe命令根據一系列條件結束更改時返回的值，因此知道命令返回的值是有價值的信息，可以幫助編寫更好的批處理文件。所有外部.exe程序在結束時都會更改ERRORLEVEL(這是這兩種程序的固有機制退出過程和終末過程-32 api函數)，通常這些值都有文檔記錄，但返回的值由內部cmd.exe命令在其他地方沒有完整的文檔記錄。具有部分ERRORLEVEL值的表出現在這個問題，但僅用于設置ERRORLEVEL=0的內部命令。我建議這樣的問題的OP修改它，以便也包括“不成功的命令”返回的值，但他拒絕了，并邀請我張貼我自己的問題/答案，所以，就這樣！您必須注意，與零不同的ERRORLEVEL確實是不這意味著命令失敗了！有些命令以無錯誤結尾，并返回大于零的值，以指示不同的“退出狀態”，包括內部命令(如SET /P).為了更好地利用批處理.bat文件中內置的cmd.exe命令，我們需要知道它們返回的ERRORLEVEL值以及該管理所涉及的機制。所以問題是，內部cmd.exe命令將ERRORLEVEL設置為任何價值(包括零)？
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SMILET
TA貢獻1796條經驗 獲得超4個贊
表1-不更改先前ERRORLEVEL值的命令
BREAK ECHO ENDLOCAL FOR Not change the ERRORLEVEL by itself. See "Exit Code" below. IF Not change the ERRORLEVEL by itself. PAUSE RD Not change the ERRORLEVEL on errors, but the "Exit Code". See below. REM RMDIR Same as RD. SET Plain SET command (no arguments). See "Table 3" below. TITLE
表2-根據結果將ERRORLEVEL設置為0或1的命令
Command │ Set ERRORLEVEL = 0 when │ Set ERRORLEVEL = 1 when ────────┼───────────────────────────────┼────────────────── CD │Current directory was changed. │Directory not exists or is not accessible. CHDIR │Same as CD. │ COLOR │Color was changed. │Background and foreground colors are the same. COPY │File(s) was processed. │File not found or bad parameters given. DATE │Date was changed or not given. │User has no admin privileges. DEL │Almost always, excepting when: │Bad or no parameters given. DIR │Same as COPY. │ ERASE │Same as DEL. │ MD │Directory was created. │Directory could not be created. MKDIR │Same as MD. │ MKLINK │Link was created. │Link could not be created or bad parameters given. MOVE │File(s) was moved/renamed. │File not found, could not be moved/renamed or bad parameters. PUSHD │Same as CD. │+ Bad switch given. REN │Same as MOVE. │ RENAME │Same as MOVE. │ SETLOCAL│New environment was created. │Bad parameters given. TIME │Time was changed or not given. │User has no admin privileges. TYPE │Same as COPY. │ VERIFY │Right or no parameters given. │Bad parameters given. VOL │Volume label was displayed. │Drive not found or bad parameters given.
表3-將ERRORLEVEL設置為錯誤的命令；否則，不更改
Command │E│ Set ERRORLEVEL to = when ─────────────┼─┼───────────────────────────────────────── ASSOC │*│1 = Extension associations could not be changed. CLS │ │1 = Bad switch given. DPATH │*│1 = Data path could not be established. FTYPE │*│1 = File type associations could not be changed. GOTO label │ │1 = Label not exist *in a subroutine* (equivalent to: EXIT /B 1). KEYS │ │1 = Bad switch given. PATH │*│1 = Path could not be changed. POPD │ │1 = Bad switch given. PROMPT |*│1 = Prompt could not be changed. SET var │*│1 = No variable with such name exists. SET var=value│*│1 = Variable name start with "/" not enclosed in quotes. SET /P │*│1 = Read an empty line or at end of file. SET /A │*│1073750988 = Unbalanced parentheses, 1073750989 = Missing operand, │ │1073750990 = Syntax error, 1073750991 = Invalid number, │ │1073750992 = Number larger than 32-bits, 1073750993 = Division by zero. SHIFT │ │1 = Bad switch given.
.CMD.BAT
表4-特殊情況
CALL Table1 │If the called command is anyone of Table 1 (excepting FOR and IF): set ERRORLEVEL = 0. CALL subroutine │If the subroutine is called, not change prior ERRORLEVEL value; │otherwise (subroutine not exists): set ERRORLEVEL = 1. EXIT /B, EXIT │Not change prior ERRORLEVEL value. EXIT /B number │Set ERRORLEVEL to given number. EXIT number │Ends cmd.exe and set its returning ERRORLEVEL value to given number. START command │If command is started, not change ERRORLEVEL; otherwise, set ERRORLEVEL = 9059. START /WAIT bat |When the started Batch file end, set ERRORLEVEL = value from 'EXIT number' commmand. notExist │If a non-existent command is entered for execution, set ERRORLEVEL = 9009. VER │Set ERRORLEVEL = 0 almost always. If /? parameter is given, not change ERRORLEVEL.
出口代碼管理
IF ERRORLEVEL / IF %ERRORLEVEL%command && thenCmd when ERRORLEVEL is 0 || elseCmd when ERRORLEVEL is not 0elseCmd
表5-設置退出代碼的命令或功能
Feature │ Set Exit Code to = when ─────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── command │1 = Command not exist (when ERRORLEVEL = 9009). redirection │1 = File not exists in "<", path not exists or access denied in ">" ">>". drive: |1 = Drive unit not exists. POPD |1 = No matching PUSHD was previously executed. RD │1 = Bad switch given, 2 = Directory not found, 5 = Access denied, │32 = Directory in use, 145 = Directory not empty. FOR /F │1 = No data was processed.
command > C:\Path\that\does\not\exist\file.txt || rem if errorlevel 1 echo Previous redirection failed
remFORIF).
U: || rem if errorlevel 1 echo Previous set current drive to U: unit failed
rd c:\Some\directory 2> NUL || rem if %errorlevel% equ 0 ( echo Directory deleted ) else if %errorlevel% equ 2 ( echo Directory not found ) else if %errorlevel% equ 5 ( echo Can not access the directory, check rights ) else if %errorlevel% equ 32 ( echo Can not delete current directory ) else if %errorlevel% equ 145 ( echo Directory is not empty, use /S switch ) (for /F "options" %%a in (input.txt) do echo %%a) || rem if errorlevel 1 echo Previous FOR didn't processed any value
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