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反向解析：dig -x 網址IP地址 @DNS地址 #dig -x 14.215.177.38 @114.114.114.119 ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> -x 14.215.177.38 @114.114.114.119 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 9439 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;38.177.215.14.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 215.14.in-addr.arpa. 3090 IN SOA soa. dns.guangzhou.gd.cn. 2016012109 10800 3600 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 124 msec ;; SERVER: 114.114.114.119#53(114.114.114.119) ;; WHEN: Mon Aug 29 20:49:37 2016 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 102查看全部
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正向解析：dig @DNS地址 網址域名 #dig @114.114.114.119 www.baidu.com ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> @114.114.114.119 www.baidu.com ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3534 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;www.baidu.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: www.baidu.com. 1177 IN CNAME www.a.shifen.com. www.a.shifen.com. 69 IN A 14.215.177.38 www.a.shifen.com. 69 IN A 14.215.177.37 ;; Query time: 51 msec ;; SERVER: 114.114.114.119#53(114.114.114.119) ;; WHEN: Mon Aug 29 20:47:08 2016 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90查看全部
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#nslookup www.baidu.com Server:114.114.114.119 Address:114.114.114.119#53 Non-authoritative answer: www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com. Name:www.a.shifen.com Address:14.215.177.37 Name:www.a.shifen.com Address:14.215.177.38 nslookup可以進入交互模式單獨查找SOA，A等等記錄 #nslookup >set q=soa >baidu.com Server:114.114.114.119 Address:114.114.114.119#53 Non-authoritative answer: baidu.com origin = dns.baidu.com mail addr = sa.baidu.com serial = 2012132847 refresh = 300 retry = 300 expire = 2592000 minimum = 7200 Authoritative answers can be found from: >set q=a >baidu.com Server:114.114.114.119 Address:114.114.114.119#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name:baidu.com Address:180.149.132.47 Name:baidu.com Address:123.125.114.144 Name:baidu.com Address:111.13.101.208 Name:baidu.com Address:220.181.57.217查看全部
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#host www.baidu.com #host -t SOA baidu.com baidu.com has SOA record dns.baidu.com. sa.baidu.com. 2012132847 300 300 2592000 7200 #host -t NS baidu.com baidu.com name server dns.baidu.com. baidu.com name server ns2.baidu.com. baidu.com name server ns3.baidu.com. baidu.com name server ns4.baidu.com. baidu.com name server ns7.baidu.com. #host -t A baidu.com baidu.com has address 220.181.57.217 baidu.com has address 123.125.114.144 baidu.com has address 111.13.101.208 baidu.com has address 180.149.132.47查看全部
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host文件位置：/etc/resolv.conf # host www.baidu.com www.baidu.com is an alias for www.a.shifen.com. www.a.shifen.com has address 14.215.177.38 www.a.shifen.com has address 14.215.177.37 #nslookup www.baidu.com Server: 114.114.114.119 Address: 114.114.114.119#53 Non-authoritative answer: www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com. Name: www.a.shifen.com Address: 14.215.177.38 Name: www.a.shifen.com Address: 14.215.177.37 #dig www.baidu.com ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6 <<>> www.baidu.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 33977 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;www.baidu.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: www.baidu.com. 546 IN CNAME www.a.shifen.com. www.a.shifen.com. 199 IN A 14.215.177.38 www.a.shifen.com. 199 IN A 14.215.177.37 ;; Query time: 42 msec ;; SERVER: 114.114.114.119#53(114.114.114.119) ;; WHEN: Mon Aug 29 20:33:36 2016 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90查看全部
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Bind服務常用客戶端工具： 1.nslookup：支持多平臺，應用廣泛（使用簡單、易懂） 2.dig：常用于linux系統（比較專業） 3.host：較多（簡單、明了）查看全部
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逆向解析重點總結： 1.逆向解析域in-addr.arpa的書寫格式 2.常用于郵件服務的域名解析 3.配置文件權限需要named用戶可讀取，沒有權限啟動named服務會報錯 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 191 Aug 29 19:40 192.168.199.zone -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 202 Aug 29 17:12 iaskjob.com.zone -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 219 Aug 29 19:43 imooc.com.zone查看全部
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實戰場景3代碼： 1.編輯/var/named/imooc.com.zone文件 $TTL 7200 imooc.com. IN SOA imooc.com. ho.imooc.com. (222 1H 15M 1W 1D) imooc.com. IN NS dns1.imooc.com. dns1.imooc.com. IN A 192.168.199.202 www.xianlaiwan.cn. IN A 117.121.101.41 @ IN MX 10 mail mail IN A 192.168.199.203 2.重啟named服務 service named restart 3.正向解析本機檢測 dig @127.0.0.1 mail.imooc.com 4.配置反向解析域，編輯/etc/named.conf文件 options{ directory "/var/named"; }; zone "imooc.com"{ type master; file "imooc.com.zone"; }; zone "iaskjob.com"{ type master; file "iaskjob.com.zone"; }; zone "199.168.192.in-addr.arpa"{ type master; file "192.168.199.zone"; }; 5.編輯/var/named/192.168.199.zone文件 $TTL 3600 @ IN SOA 199.168.192.in-addr.arpa. iaskjob.163.com. ( 2014012200 1H 15M 1W 1D ) @ IN NS dns1.imooc.com. 202 IN PTR dns1.imooc.com. 203 IN PTR mail.imooc.com. 6.重啟named服務 service named restart 7.反向解析本機測試 dig -x 192.168.199.203 @127.0.0.1查看全部
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實戰場景3查看全部
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正向解析與反向解析： 正向解析：通過域名查找IP（A記錄） 反向解析：通過IP查找對應域名（PTR記錄）查看全部
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實戰場景1代碼： 1.將原有/etc/named.conf文件更名備份 mv /etc/named.conf /etc/named.conf_default 2.創建/etc/named.conf文件并編輯 vim /etc/named.conf options{ directory "/var/named"; }; zone "imooc.com"{ type master; file "imooc.com.zone"; }; 3.創建/var/named/imooc.com.zone文件并編輯 vim /var/named/imooc.com.zone $TTL 7200 imooc.com. IN SOA imooc.com. ho.imooc.com. (222 1H 15M 1W 1D) imooc.com. IN NS dns1.imooc.com. dns1.imooc.com. IN A 192.168.199.202 www.xianlaiwan.cn. IN A 2.2.2.2 4.重啟named服務 service named restart 5.本機測試 dig @192.168.199.202 www.xianlaiwan.cn 補充：重啟服務如有報錯查看/var/log/messages tail -f /var/log/messages查看全部
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實戰場景2代碼： 1.先ping imooc的ip ping www.xianlaiwan.cn-->117.121.101.40 2.修改/var/named/imooc.com.zone文件，將www的A記錄IP地址替換成imooc的IP地址 $TTL 7200 imooc.com. IN SOA imooc.com. ho.imooc.com. (222 1H 15M 1W 1D) imooc.com. IN NS dns1.imooc.com. dns1.imooc.com. IN A 192.168.199.202 www.xianlaiwan.cn. IN A 117.121.101.41 3.修改/etc/named.conf文件，添加zone "iaskjob.com" options{ directory "/var/named"; }; zone "imooc.com"{ type master; file "imooc.com.zone"; }; zone "iaskjob.com"{ type master; file "iaskjob.com.zone"; }; 4.新建iaskjob.com.zone文件并編輯 vim /var/named/iaskjob.com.zone $TTL 7200 iaskjob.com. IN SOA isakjob.com. iaskjob.163.com. (4012100 1H 15M 1W 1D) iaskjob.com. IN NS dns1.iaskjob.com. dns1.iaskjob.com. IN A 192.168.199.202 imooc.iaskjob.com. IN CNAME www.xianlaiwan.cn. 5.重啟named服務 service named restart 6.本機測試 dig @127.0.0.1 imooc.iaskjob.com 7.遠程測試 物理機設置DNS為虛擬機的IP（192.168.199.202） 物理機運行nslookup imooc.iaskjob.com 能解析到imooc的IP地址就表示正確 補充：重啟服務如有報錯查看/var/log/messages tail -f /var/log/messages查看全部
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實戰場景2：CNAME查看全部
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Bind服務配置文件的重點總結： 1.嚴格注意語法書寫，其格式非常嚴格 2.@是DNS記錄中的保留字，表示當前域名（當書寫郵箱地址的時候必須將@改成.代替） 3.記錄不準折行書寫 4.單行記錄開頭不準空格或tab開頭查看全部
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實戰場景1：A記錄查看全部
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