Zipkin是twitter在google的dapper论文的基础上实现的分布式跟踪系统。关于dapper的解读，详细可以参看：https://blog.csdn.net/liumiaocn/article/details/80657661

zipkin概要信息

使用zipkin

使用docker方式，使用如下方法，可以最简单快速地启动zipkin

docker run –name zipkin -d -p 9411:9411 openzipkin/zipkin

[root@kong ~]# docker pull openzipkin/zipkinUsing default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/openzipkin/zipkin ... latest: Pulling from docker.io/openzipkin/zipkin
3a9e9033596c: Pull complete 
187e634e5a8a: Pull complete 
fdcad99cc6cd: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:8b6d9da454dcd38ed8c34f11d4a9008d9ad664d913748ebc9b13c247596e7e6c
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/openzipkin/zipkin:latest
[root@kong ~]#[root@kong ~]#docker run --name zipkin -d -p 9411:9411 openzipkin/zipkin 6a752c4fef6283712908070661ca8e2d6e3d96c535432d04a66a24233ce81949
[root@kong ~]#

zipkin架构

zipkin由图示的四个部分组成：

• collector

• storage

• API

• web UI

Python项目依赖

为了在Python项目中使用zipkin，需要py_zipkin/pyramid/pyramid_zipkin 。在CentOS系Linux发行版上命令如下：

yum install python-devel
 pip install –trusted-host pypi.org –trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org py_zipkin pyramid pyramid_zipkin

模拟dapper论文的调用链

在这篇文章中我们将会模拟在Python项目中如何跟中dapper论文中的三层架构的例子：

这样的一个树形结构，表现出来的调用顺序则是：A->B->C->D->E。

模拟五个服务

使用python简单地模拟如上地A-E等五个服务，其中A和C为调用节点，而B/D/E为终端节点，A会调用B和C，其示例代码如下，C与之类似：

[root@kong python]# lsA.py  B.py  C.py  D.py  E.py  test_zipkin.sh
[root@kong python]# cat A.py import requestsimport datetimefrom pyramid.response import Responsefrom pyramid.view import view_configfrom pyramid.config import Configuratorfrom py_zipkin.zipkin import create_http_headers_for_new_spanfrom wsgiref.simple_server import make_serverclass ZipkinNode:
  #properties:
  connect_url='http://localhost:9001/api'
  zipkin_url='http://localhost:9411'
  zipkin_span_api=zipkin_url+'/api/v1/spans'
  zipkin_service_name='default_service_name'
  config=None

  #function: zikpin callback handler
  def zipkin_handler(self,stream_name, encoded_span):
    requests.post(
        self.zipkin_span_api,
        data=encoded_span,
        headers={'Content-Type': 'application/x-thrift'},
    )  

  #function: 
  def init_zipkin_settings(self,service_name): 
    settings = {}
    settings['service_name'] = service_name
    self.zipkin_service_name=service_name
    settings['zipkin.transport_handler'] = self.zipkin_handler
    settings['zipkin.tracing_percent'] = 100.0

    self.config = Configurator(settings=settings)
    self.config.include('pyramid_zipkin')  #function: add route
  def add_router(self,router_type,router_url):
    self.config.add_route(router_type, router_url)
    self.config.scan()  #function: 
  def invoke_wsgi_service(self,host_port):
    app = self.config.make_wsgi_app()
    server = make_server('0.0.0.0', host_port, app)
    print('service '+self.zipkin_service_name+' listening : http://localhost:'+str(host_port))
    server.serve_forever()#function: connector node callback function@view_config(route_name='invoke_service')def invoke_service(request):
  headers = {}
  headers.update(create_http_headers_for_new_span())
  nextend_response = requests.get(      'http://localhost:9002/apib',
      headers=headers,
  )
  headers = {}
  headers.update(create_http_headers_for_new_span())
  nextend_response = requests.get(      'http://localhost:9003/api',
      headers=headers,
  )  return Response(nextend_response.text)

node=ZipkinNode()
node.init_zipkin_settings('Service_A')
node.add_router('invoke_service','/api')
node.invoke_wsgi_service(9001)
[root@kong python]#

服务B的代码如下，D与E与之类似：

[root@kong python]# cat B.py import requestsimport datetimefrom pyramid.response import Responsefrom pyramid.view import view_configfrom pyramid.config import Configuratorfrom py_zipkin.zipkin import create_http_headers_for_new_spanfrom wsgiref.simple_server import make_serverclass ZipkinNode:
  #properties:
  connect_url='http://localhost:9001/api'
  zipkin_url='http://localhost:9411'
  zipkin_span_api=zipkin_url+'/api/v1/spans'
  zipkin_service_name='default_service_name'
  config=None

  #function: zikpin callback handler
  def zipkin_handler(self,stream_name, encoded_span):
    requests.post(
        self.zipkin_span_api,
        data=encoded_span,
        headers={'Content-Type': 'application/x-thrift'},
    )  

  #function: 
  def init_zipkin_settings(self,service_name): 
    settings = {}
    settings['service_name'] = service_name
    self.zipkin_service_name=service_name
    settings['zipkin.transport_handler'] = self.zipkin_handler
    settings['zipkin.tracing_percent'] = 100.0

    self.config = Configurator(settings=settings)
    self.config.include('pyramid_zipkin')  #function: add route
  def add_router(self,router_type,router_url):
    self.config.add_route(router_type, router_url)  #function: 
  def invoke_wsgi_service(self,host_port):
    self.config.scan()
    app = self.config.make_wsgi_app()
    server = make_server('0.0.0.0', host_port, app)
    print('service '+self.zipkin_service_name+' listening : http://localhost:'+str(host_port))
    server.serve_forever()#function: end node callback function@view_config(route_name='show_time')def show_time(request):
    return Response(str(datetime.datetime.now()))

node=ZipkinNode()
node.init_zipkin_settings('Service_B')
node.add_router('show_time','/apib')
node.invoke_wsgi_service(9002)
[root@kong python]#

为了模拟zipkin，此处还提供了一个脚本用于对A到E的启动/停止/重启/状态确认进行操作

[root@kong python]# sh test_zipkin.sh Usage: test_zipkin.sh ACTION
       ACTION: start|stop|restart|status

[root@kong python]#

代码地址

代码上传到了github上，可参看：https://github.com/liumiaocn/easypack/tree/master/zipkin/python

事前准备&确认

事前pull完毕zipkin的镜像，如果没有，在实验的时候也会自行pull

[root@kong python]# docker images |grep zipkindocker.io/openzipkin/zipkin                              latest              a62fb9056a9a        8 days ago               181 MB[root@kong python]#

启动zipkin和服务

[root@kong python]# sh test_zipkin.sh start## Operation: start## start begins ...## start zipkin service2afd09f3ee50e4766702a70ea6cfaf0645e9c4aa5d609911bca2763b890f7f20## before start action## Operation: status## status begins ...demo process: A.py  demo process: B.py  demo process: C.py  demo process: D.py  demo process: E.py  ## status ends...## after start action## Operation: status## status begins ...demo process: A.py  root      7988  7911  7 00:32 pts/1    00:00:00 python A.pydemo process: B.py  service Service_A listening : http://localhost:9001service Service_C listening : http://localhost:9003root      7989  7911  7 00:32 pts/1    00:00:00 python B.pydemo process: C.py  root      7990  7911  7 00:32 pts/1    00:00:00 python C.pydemo process: D.py  root      7991  7911  7 00:32 pts/1    00:00:00 python D.pydemo process: E.py  root      7992  7911  7 00:32 pts/1    00:00:00 python E.py## status ends...## start ends...[root@kong python]#

确认zipkin

访问入口服务

[root@kong python]# curl http://localhost:9001/api127.0.0.1 - - [30/May/2018 00:36:35] "GET /apib HTTP/1.1" 200 26127.0.0.1 - - [30/May/2018 00:36:35] "GET /api HTTP/1.1" 200 26127.0.0.1 - - [30/May/2018 00:36:40] "GET /api HTTP/1.1" 200 26127.0.0.1 - - [30/May/2018 00:36:40] "GET /api HTTP/1.1" 200 26127.0.0.1 - - [30/May/2018 00:36:40] "GET /api HTTP/1.1" 200 262018-05-30 00:36:40.788249[root@kong python]# 
[root@kong python]#

确认：服务个数

再次刷新zipkin，即可看到service name发生变化

确认：trace信息

点击find trace即可看到含有5个span的如下信息

调用栈

服务A详细

服务B详细

服务C详细

服务D详细

服务E详细

依赖关系

原文出处