消息中间件 --->就是消息队列

异步方式：不需要立马得到结果，需要排队

同步方式：需要实时获得数据，坚决不能排队

例子：

#多进程模块multiprocessing

from multiprocessing import Process

from multiprocessing import Queue

def write(q):

    for i in ["a", "b", "c", "d"]:

        q.put(i)

        print ("put {0} to queue".format(i))

def read(q):

    while 1:

        result = q.get()

        print ("get {0} from queue".format(result))

#写一个主函数

def main():

    q = Queue()

    pw = Process(target=write, args=(q,))

    pr = Process(target=read, args=(q,))

    pw.start()

    pr.start()

    pw.join()

    #终止pr线程

    pr.terminate()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    #调用主函数

    main()

输出：

put a to queue

put b to queue

put c to queue

put d to queue

多进程模块multiprocessing中pipe方法实现消息队列

例子：

from multiprocessing import Pipe, Process

import time

def proce1(pipe):

    for i in xrange(1, 10):

        pipe.send(i)

        print ("send {0} to pipe".format(i))

        time.sleep(1)

def proce2(pipe):

    n = 9

    while n > 0 :

        result = pipe.recv()

        print ("recv {0} from pipe".format(result))

def main():

    pipe = Pipe(duplex=False)

    print (type(pipe))

    p1 = Process(target=proce1, args=(pipe[1],))

    p2 = Process(target=proce2, args=(pipe[0],))

    p1.start()

    p2.start()

    p1.join()

    p2.join()

    pipe[0].close()

    pipe[1].close()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    main()

输出：

<type 'tuple'>

send 1 to pipe

recv 1 from pipe

recv 2 from pipe

send 2 to pipe

recv 3 from pipe

send 3 to pipe

recv 4 from pipe

send 4 to pipe

send 5 to pipe

recv 5 from pipe

recv 6 from pipe

send 6 to pipe

send 7 to pipe

recv 7 from pipe

send 8 to pipe

recv 8 from pipe

send 9 to pipe

recv 9 from pipe

模仿生产者和消费者的多线程消息队列练习

例子：

from threading import Thread

from multiprocessing import Queue

import time

class Proceduer(Thread):

    def __init__(self, queue):

        super(Proceduer, self).__init__()

        self.queue = queue

    def run(self):

        try:

            for i in xrange(1, 10):

                print ("put data is {0} to queue".format(i))

                self.queue.put(i)

        except Exception as e:

            print ("put data error")

            raise e

class Consumer_odd(Thread):

    def __init__(self, queue):

        super(Consumer_odd, self).__init__()

        self.queue = queue

    def run(self):

        try:

            while not self.queue.empty:

                number = self.queue.get()

                if number%2 != 0:

                    print ("get {0} from queue odd. thread name is {1}".format(number, self.getName()))

                else:

                    self.queue.put(number)

                time.sleep(1)

        except Exception as e:

            raise e

class Consumer_even(Thread):

    def __init__(self, queue):

        super(Consumer_even, self).__init__()

        self.queue = queue

    def run(self):

        try:

            while not self.queue.empty:

                number = self.queue.get()

                if number%2 == 0:

                    print ("get {0} from queue even.thread name is{1}".format(number, self.getName()))

                else:

                    self.queue.put(number)

                time.sleep(1)

        except Exception as e:

            raise e

def main():

    queue = Queue()

    p = Proceduer(queue=queue)

    p.start()

    p.join()

    time.sleep(1)

    c1 = Consumer_odd(queue=queue)

    c2 = Consumer_even(queue=queue)

    c1.start()

    c2.start()

    c1.join()

    c2.join()

    print ("ALL thread terminate")

if __name__ == '__main__':

    main()