iOS sdk中的view是UIView,我们可以很方便的自定义一个View。
创建一个 Window-based Application程序,在其中添加一个Hypnosister的类,这个类选择继承UIObject。修改这个类,使他继承:UIView
@interface HypnosisView : UIView
自定义View的关键是定义drawRect: 方法,因为主要是通过重载这个方法,来改变view的外观。例如,可以使用下面代码绘制一个很多环中环的效果的view。

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
// What rectangle am I filling?
CGRect bounds = [self bounds];
// Where is its center?
CGPoint center;
center.x = bounds.origin.x + bounds.size.width /2.0;
center.y = bounds.origin.y + bounds.size.height /2.0;
// From the center how far out to a corner?
float maxRadius = hypot(bounds.size.width, bounds.size.height) /2.0;
// Get the context being drawn upon
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
// All lines will be drawn 10 points wide
CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 10);
// Set the stroke color to light gray
[[UIColor lightGrayColor] setStroke];
// Draw concentric circles from the outside in
for (float currentRadius = maxRadius; currentRadius >0; currentRadius -=20)
{
CGContextAddArc(context, center.x, center.y,
currentRadius, 0.0, M_PI *2.0, YES);
CGContextStrokePath(context);
}
}这样view的效果如下图:
我们可以继续绘制一些东西,比如绘制文字,将下面代码添加带这个方法后面。
// Create a string NSString *text =@"我是朱祁林,不是朱麒麟"; // Get a font to draw it in UIFont *font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:28]; // Where am I going to draw it? CGRect textRect; textRect.size = [text sizeWithFont:font]; textRect.origin.x = center.x - textRect.size.width /2.0; textRect.origin.y = center.y - textRect.size.height /2.0; // Set the fill color of the current context to black [[UIColor blackColor] setFill]; // Set the shadow to be offset 4 points right, 3 points down, // dark gray and with a blur radius of 2 points CGSize offset = CGSizeMake(4, 3); CGColorRef color = [[UIColor darkGrayColor] CGColor]; CGContextSetShadowWithColor(context, offset, 2.0, color); // Draw the string [text drawInRect:textRect withFont:font];
效果:
如果view过大,我们可以把它放置到一个UIScrollView中间,这样就可以进行拖动了。UIScrollView与View的关系如下图:
使用下面代码创建一个比iPhone屏幕大4倍的View,然后通过UIScrollView来展示,代码如下:
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
//创建一个窗体大小的CGRect
CGRect wholeWindow = [[self window] bounds];
// 创建一个窗体大小的HypnosisView实例
view = [[HypnosisView alloc] initWithFrame:wholeWindow];
UIScrollView *scrollView = [[UIScrollView alloc] initWithFrame:wholeWindow];
[[self window] addSubview:scrollView];
// Make your view twice as large as the window
CGRect reallyBigRect;
reallyBigRect.origin = CGPointZero;
reallyBigRect.size.width = wholeWindow.size.width *2.0;
reallyBigRect.size.height = wholeWindow.size.height *2.0;
[scrollView setContentSize:reallyBigRect.size];
CGPoint offset;
offset.x = wholeWindow.size.width *0.5;
offset.y = wholeWindow.size.height *0.5;
[scrollView setContentOffset:offset];
// Create the view
view = [[HypnosisView alloc] initWithFrame:reallyBigRect];
[view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
[scrollView addSubview:view];
[scrollView release];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] setStatusBarHidden:YES
withAnimation:UIStatusBarAnimationFade];
[[self window] makeKeyAndVisible];
return YES;
}这样我们就可以拖动来展示看不到的view了,如下图:
通过UIScrollView我们还可以设置view的缩放功能,将下面代码添加到中。这样我们就可以使用两根手指缩放view了。
// Enable zooming [scrollView setMinimumZoomScale:0.5]; [scrollView setMaximumZoomScale:5]; [scrollView setDelegate:self];
总结:文本简单的总结了一下自定义view的使用。
代码:Hypnosister.zip
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